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Dame Beryl Margaret Bainbridge DBE (21 November 1932 – 2 July 2010)〔Frontispiece of ''Injury Time'' by Beryl Bainbridge,1991 Penguin edition.〕〔(The Profile: Beryl Bainbridge )〕 was an English writer from Liverpool. She was primarily known for her works of psychological fiction, often macabre tales set among the English working classes. Bainbridge won the Whitbread Awards prize for best novel in 1977 and 1996; she was nominated five times for the Booker Prize. She was described in 2007 as "a national treasure". In 2008, ''The Times'' newspaper named Bainbridge among their list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945". ==Biography== Beryl Bainbridge was born in Liverpool, Lancashire and brought up in nearby Formby. Her parents were Richard Bainbridge and Winifred Baines. Although she gave her date of birth in ''Who's Who'' and elsewhere as 21 November 1934, she was born in 1932 and her birth was registered in the first quarter of 1933. When German former prisoner of war Harry Arno Franz wrote to her in November 1947, he mentioned her 15th birthday. She enjoyed writing, and by the age of 10 she was keeping a diary.〔 She had elocution lessons and, when she was 11, appeared on the (''Northern Children's Hour'' radio show ), alongside Billie Whitelaw and Judith Chalmers. Bainbridge was expelled from Merchant Taylors' Girls' School (Crosby) because she was caught with a "dirty rhyme" (as she later described it), written by someone else, in her gymslip pocket. She then went on to study at Cone-Ripman School, Tring, Hertfordshire (now Tring Park School for the Performing Arts),〔(Paul Levy, "Dame Beryl Bainbridge: Novelist whose work began rooted in autobiography and which later developed to encompass historical subjects", ''The Independent'', 3 July 2010. )〕 where she found she was good at history, English and art. The summer she left school, she fell in love with a former German POW who was waiting to be repatriated. For the next six years, the couple corresponded and tried to get permission for the German man to return to Britain so that they could be married. But permission was denied and the relationship ended in 1953.〔 In the following year (1954), Beryl married artist Austin Davies. The two divorced soon after, leaving Bainbridge a single mother of two children. She later had a third child by Alan Sharp, the actress Rudi Davies.〔 In 1958, she attempted suicide by putting her head in a gas oven.〔 Bainbridge spent her early years working as an actress, and she appeared in one 1961 episode of the soap opera ''Coronation Street'' playing an anti-nuclear protester. To help fill her time, Bainbridge began to write, primarily based on incidents from her childhood. Her first novel, ''Harriet Said...'', was rejected by several publishers, one of whom found the central characters "repulsive almost beyond belief". It was eventually published in 1972, four years after her third novel (''Another Part of the Wood''). Her second and third novels were published (1967/68) and were received well by critics although they failed to earn much money.〔 Seven more novels were written and published during the 1970s, of which the fifth, ''Injury Time'', was awarded the Whitbread prize for best novel in 1977. In the late 1970s, she wrote a screenplay based on her novel ''Sweet William''. The resulting film, starring Sam Waterston, was released in 1980. From 1980 onwards, eight more novels appeared. The 1989 novel, ''An Awfully Big Adventure'', was adapted into a film in 1995, starring Alan Rickman and Hugh Grant. In the 1990s, Bainbridge turned to historical fiction. These novels continued to be popular with critics, but this time, were also commercially successful.〔 Among her historical fiction novels are ''Every Man for Himself'', about the 1912 Titanic disaster, for which Bainbridge won the 1996 Whitbread Awards prize for best novel, and ''Master Georgie'', set during the Crimean War, for which she won the 1998 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction. Her final novel, ''According to Queeney'', is a fictionalized account of the last years of the life of Samuel Johnson as seen through the eyes of Queeney Thrale, eldest daughter of Henry and Hester Thrale. ''The Observer'' referred to it as a '...highly intelligent, sophisticated and entertaining novel.' From the 1990s, Bainbridge also served as a theatre critic for the monthly magazine ''The Oldie''. Her reviews rarely contained negative content, and were usually published after the play had closed.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Beryl Bainbridge」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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